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The Book of: 1 Samuel

These two books of Samuel are often considered to be one book. We will treat them as such. Samuel was the last of the judges, a priest, and the first of the prophets. He is the connection between the Judges and the Kings of Israel.

We are in the middle of what is often referred to as the historical books. We sometimes wonder why these books are given to us as scripture. The answer is found in 2nd Tim. Chapter 3, verse 16 (quoted below):

15: And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus.

16: All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:

17: That the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all good works.

Now would be a good time to look at the small door labeled wisdom and knowledge.

We sometimes get discouraged over the mistakes that Israel makes in the Old Testament. It seems that there are no heroes, and that all the characters fail in one respect or another. That is very nearly true, but the fact is that we are all human, and we must learn from the examples that God has given in his Word. I would like to suggest you look in the mirror with me. Do you know what we see, human beings with the same failings that we note in others.

With that in mind the old teacher would like to start our study in these two books. Generally speaking they are narratives that explain themselves. We will try to keep our comments to the highlights.

First Samuel chapters 1 and 2.

One of the first things we should note in these books is the prevalence of prayer. We cannot live a life that pleases God unless it is a life of prayer. If we want to be right in the eyes of God, when we have hard choices to make, we must seek his guidance in prayer

These first two chapters deal with the miraculous birth of Samuel and his early life as a child in the service of God.

(chpt:  1 Vs: 001)  Now there was a certain man of Ramathaimzophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite: 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 002)  And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 003)  And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of the LORD, were there. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 004)  And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions: 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 005)  But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but the LORD had shut up her womb. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 006)  And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 007)  And as he did so year by year, when she went up to the house of the LORD, so she provoked her; therefore she wept, and did not eat. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 008)  Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons? 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 009)  So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 010)  And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 011)  And she vowed a vow, and said, O LORD of hosts, if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the LORD all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 012)  And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli marked her mouth. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 013)  Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 014)  And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 015)  And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 016)  Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 017)  Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 018)  And she said, Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight. So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 019)  And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 020)  Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the LORD. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 021)  And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer unto the LORD the yearly sacrifice, and his vow. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 022)  But Hannah went not up; for she said unto her husband, I will not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring him, that he may appear before the LORD, and there abide for ever. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 023)  And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish his word. So the woman abode, and gave her son suck until she weaned him. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 024)  And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him unto the house of the LORD in Shiloh: and the child was young. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 025)  And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 026)  And she said, Oh my lord, as thy soul liveth, my lord, I am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the LORD. 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 027)  For this child I prayed; and the LORD hath given me my petition which I asked of him: 

(chpt:  1 Vs: 028)  Therefore also I have lent him to the LORD; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the LORD. And he worshipped the LORD there. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 001)  And Hannah prayed, and said, My heart rejoiceth in the LORD, mine horn is exalted in the LORD: my mouth is enlarged over mine enemies; because I rejoice in thy salvation. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 002)  There is none holy as the LORD: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any rock like our God. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 003)  Talk no more so exceeding proudly; let not arrogancy come out of your mouth: for the LORD is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 004)  The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 005)  They that were full have hired out themselves for bread; and they that were hungry ceased: so that the barren hath born seven; and she that hath many children is waxed feeble. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 006)  The LORD killeth, and maketh alive: he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 007)  The LORD maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 008)  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD's, and he hath set the world upon them. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 009)  He will keep the feet of his saints, and the wicked shall be silent in darkness; for by strength shall no man prevail. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 010)  The adversaries of the LORD shall be broken to pieces; out of heaven shall he thunder upon them: the LORD shall judge the ends of the earth; and he shall give strength unto his king, and exalt the horn of his anointed. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 011)  And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house. And the child did minister unto the LORD before Eli the priest. 

In chapter 2 note of verses 12 through 18 we see a contrast between the sons of Eli and young Samuel. We see that the sons of Eli are dishonest and out to make a profit from the ministry of the Lord. Warning! Be careful of all those who seem to serve the Lord for what they can get out of it.

(chpt:  2 Vs: 012)  Now the sons of Eli were sons of Belial; they knew not the LORD. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 013)  And the priest's custom with the people was, that, when any man offered sacrifice, the priest's servant came, while the flesh was in seething, with a fleshhook of three teeth in his hand; 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 014)  And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the fleshhook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 015)  Also before they burnt the fat, the priest's servant came, and said to the man that sacrificed, Give flesh to roast for the priest; for he will not have sodden flesh of thee, but raw. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 016)  And if any man said unto him, Let them not fail to burn the fat presently, and then take as much as thy soul desireth; then he would answer him, Nay; but thou shalt give it me now: and if not, I will take it by force. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 017)  Wherefore the sin of the young men was very great before the LORD: for men abhorred the offering of the LORD. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 018)  But Samuel ministered before the LORD, being a child, girded with a linen ephod. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 019)  Moreover his mother made him a little coat, and brought it to him from year to year, when she came up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 020)  And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife, and said, The LORD give thee seed of this woman for the loan which is lent to the LORD. And they went unto their own home. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 021)  And the LORD visited Hannah, so that she conceived, and bare three sons and two daughters. And the child Samuel grew before the LORD. 

(chpt:  2 Vs: 022)  Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel; and how they lay with the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. 

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